八年级上册英语语法整理通用多篇

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Unit 1 How often do you exercise?

Grammar: 特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。

特殊疑问句的构成及用法：

1.结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语(+其他)

疑问代词：

1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人 Who is the boy under the tree?

2)Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人 Whom are you writing to?

3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this?

4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which girls will be in the sports meeting?

Which pen is Lily’s?

5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?

疑问副词：

1)When:何时，询问时间 When will she come back?

2)Where何地，询问地点， Where do you come from?

3)Why为什么，询问原因， Why are you late for school?

4)How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等

How do you usually go to school?

5)How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother?

6)How many/much多少，询问数量

How many birds are there in the tree?

7)How far多远，询问距离，

How far is it form your home to school?

8)How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离

How long will you stay in Beijing?

9)How often多长时间按一次，询问频率

How often do you go to see your grandparents?

10How soon多久，询问时间 How soon will you come back?

频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, hardly ever,sometimes, often, usually, always.

Unit 2 What’s the matter with you?

Grammar:

1. 用have 来描述身体不适 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病

2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?

Grammar:现在进行时表将来 一般将来时

表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。

一。肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”

I am going shopping this afternoon.

二。否定句是在be之后加not. I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.

三。一般疑问句是将be置于句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I’m not./ We aren’t.

四。特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”

What are you doing for vacation?

When is he going camping?

Who are you going there with?

Where is she going?

Unit 4 How do you get to school?

Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。

How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.

How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.

How far is it from your home to school? It’s four miles from my home to school.

How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.

How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.

How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.

特殊疑问句的简略结构：how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式，用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如：How about playing tennis?

乘坐交通工具的表达方式：by subway/train/bike..., on fo ……此处隐藏3738个字……p>例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.

A When I take more medicine

B The more medicine I take

C Taking more of the medicine

D More medicine taken

解析：该题正确答案为B。“the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…”意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。

例3“I haven't been to London yet”.

“I haven't been there ____”.

A too B also C either D neither

解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定“两者都不”，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为“也”。

例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.

A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply

解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。

介词

I. 要点

1、介词和种类

(1) 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。

(2) 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。

2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

(1) 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。

(2) 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at

(3) 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等。

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：

He came right after dinner.

He lives directly opposite the school.

4、某些介词的意义与用法举例

(1) at, on, in(表时间)

表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。

指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。

指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。

(2) between, among(表位置)

between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如

I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.

The village lies between three hills.

among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：

He is the best among the students.

(3) beside, besides

beside意为“在…旁边”，而besides意为“除…之外”。如：

He sat beside me.

What do you want besides this?

(4)in the tree, on the tree

in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上

(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way

on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道

by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法

(6)in the corner, at the corner

in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外

(7)in the morning, on the morning

in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨

(8)by bus, on the bus

by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车

II. 例题

例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?

A except B but C beside D besides

解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为“除了…”，C-beside意为“在…旁边”，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为“除了…之外，还有”。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？

例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

A on B at C in D during

解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。

例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.

A to B in C at D on

解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为“期望、盼望”。

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